How much influence does the root system have on the growth and development of rice. Rice, as a plant, prefers water and grows in places with humid climate and abundant water. Generally, rice is planted extensively in southern regions. During the growth period of rice, nutrients are mainly absorbed from the soil surface by the roots and transported to various branches of the plant. So people generally believe that the quality of roots can reflect the growth of rice. However, the roots of rice are located in shallow soil layers and are prone to tilting and lodging. It is easy to have adverse effects on the high yield of rice.
During the growth process of rice, the roots play a significant role. Moreover, under good root conditions, the quality and yield of rice may be higher. The condition of the roots mainly depends on the number of roots and the degree of rooting. So, we must always pay attention to the condition of the roots and promptly address any issues when they arise.
1、 The composition and function of roots
The root of rice is composed of three parts. In the early stages of growth, the seed roots are important as they can absorb a large amount of water for the growth of rice. As the rice grows slightly, the seed roots will gradually degrade until they disappear. Afterwards, the roots are mainly supported by lateral root hairs and coronal roots. Ordinary rice roots in shallow soil layers within 10cm, and the roots of rice absorb the nutrients needed for its growth from the soil, thereby secreting and synthesizing various plant hormones.
2、 The absorption of fertilizer by roots
After farmers fertilize, the roots of rice will absorb various necessary elements. For example: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. Phosphorus fertilizer is beneficial for root growth, while nitrogen fertilizer mainly promotes the growth of new root branches. Compared to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, potassium fertilizer can not only increase rooting rate, but also promote the vigorous growth of white roots in rice. In addition, silicon fertilizer is also an essential part of rice growth. Reasonable fertilization is important in the process of rice cultivation. Firstly, high-quality fertilizers suitable for rice growth should be selected for fertilization. Secondly, according to the instructions, proper sowing should be carried out, and attention should be paid to the amount used, as excessive fertilization can cause fertilizer damage; Insufficient fertilization has an inhibitory effect on the growth and development of rice.
3、 The absorption of water by roots
Rice has different water requirements at different growth stages. During the early and mature stages of panicle growth, a large amount of water needs to be absorbed to support life activities. As the roots are a key part of rice growth, nutrients will be supplied to the roots first. The proportion of aboveground and underground parts increases, and new roots will grow and reproduce rapidly. The overall area occupied by the roots expands, and the radius decreases accordingly, which can more fully absorb the water in the soil. When there is more water in the soil, the proportion of the two will decrease, and occasional lack of water in the soil can sometimes promote rice growth.
4、 The influence of roots on lodging conditions
Good growing rice roots can effectively absorb water and nutrients from the soil, making the above ground plants more robust and have strong vitality. However, the underground roots have shallow roots, and the surface plants are prone to lodging. Water layer management can also easily affect roots. During the branching stage of rice, the number of roots is small, and when the water layer in the field is deep, it is difficult for the roots to deeply root in the soil. In addition, fertilizers are also important for the growth of rice. Reasonable fertilization can effectively absorb nutrients from roots and promote growth. On the contrary, unreasonable fertilization can easily hinder the growth of roots. Thereby increasing the risk of lodging.
5、 How to achieve high output?
Different varieties have different resistance, and varieties with strong resistance have higher survival rates and are more likely to achieve high yields. But the sowing amount should also be appropriate. Cannot be too much or too little. And for the management of water and fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and silicon fertilizers that promote root growth can be used more to ensure complete plant development and robust body shape. Thereby reducing the lodging rate.
At the end of the branching process, it is necessary to sun dry the fields, which means maintaining a moderate moisture content in the fields. At the same time, attention should be paid to reducing the moisture content of deeper mud fields through sunlight exposure. Moreover, the demand varies at different stages of rice growth. After maturity, a large amount of water is needed to activate the roots, which prolongs the life cycle of rice, accumulates nutrients continuously, and improves the quality of rice, thereby achieving high yields.
Based on the above points, it can be concluded that robust and high-quality roots are the key to high rice yield. Technology is constantly developing, and people's research on rice is also advancing. People not only cultivate rice with care, but also want to develop high-quality rice seeds through root breeding based on the characteristics and root conditions of rice. To achieve the goal of high output.